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description
Spliced and unspliced viral mRNA in the cytoplasm are translated by host cell ribosomal translation machinery (reviewed in Kash, 2006). At least ten viral proteins are synthesized: HA, NA, PB1, PB2, PA, NP, NS1, NEP/NS2, M1, and M2. Viral mRNA translation is believed to be enhanced by conserved 5'UTR sequences that interact with the ribosomal machinery and at least one cellular RNA-binding protein, G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1), has been found to specifically interact with the viral 5' UTRs. (Park, 1995; Park, 1999). The viral NS1 protein and the cellular protein P58(IPK) enhance viral translation indirectly by preventing the activation of the translational inhibitor PKR (Salvatore, 2002; Goodman, 2006). The viral NS1 protein has also been proposed to specifically enhance translation through interaction with host poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABP1) (Burgui, 2003). Simultaneously, host cell protein synthesis is downregulated in influenza virus infection through still uncharacterized mechanisms (Katze, 1986; Garfinkel, 1992; Kash, 2006). In most human influenza A strains (such as PR8), the PB1 mRNA segment is capable of producing a second protein, PB1-F2, from a short +1 open reading frame initiating downstream of the PB1 ORF initiation codon (Chen, 2001)

external resources
NCBI:1269120
REACTOME:R-HSA-192823
PUBMED:16630668

genes
FAU , GRSF1 , RPSA , RPL10A , DNAJC3 , RPL3 , RPL3L , RPL4 , RPL5 , RPL6 , RPL7 , RPL7A , RPL8 , RPL9 , RPL10 , RPL11 , RPL12 , RPL13 , RPL15 , RPL17 , RPL18 , RPL18A , RPL19 , RPL21 , RPL22 , RPL23A , RPL24 , RPL26 , RPL27 , RPL30 , RPL27A , RPL28 , RPL29 , RPL31 , RPL32 , RPL34 , RPL35A , RPL36AL , RPL37 , RPL37A , RPL38 , RPL39 , RPL41 , RPL36A , RPLP0 , RPLP1 , RPLP2 , RPS2 , RPS3 , RPS3A , RPS4X , RPS4Y1 , RPS5 , RPS6 , RPS7 , RPS8 , RPS9 , RPS10 , RPS11 , RPS12 , RPS13 , RPS14 , RPS15 , RPS15A , RPS16 , RPS17 , RPS18 , RPS19 , RPS20 , RPS21 , RPS23 , RPS24 , RPS25 , RPS26 , RPS27 , RPS27A , RPS28 , RPS29 , UBA52 , RPL14 , RPL23 , RPL35 , RPL13A , RPL36 , RPS27L , RPL26L1 , RPL39L , RPS4Y2 , RPL10L , RPL22L1 ,