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description
Pathogen recognition is central to the induction of T cell differentiation. Groups of pathogens share similar structures known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are recognised by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) to induce cytokine expression. PRRs include archetypical Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and non-TLRs such as retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat-containing family (NLRs). PRR recognition of PAMPs can lead to the activation of intracellular signalling pathways that elicit innate responses against pathogens and direct the development of adaptive immunity.CLRs comprises a large family of receptors which bind carbohydrates, through one or more carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs), or which possess structurally similar C-type lectin-like domains (CTLDs) which do not necessarily recognise carbohydrate ligands. Some CLRs can induce signalling pathways that directly activate nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), whereas other CLRs affect signalling by Toll-like receptors. These signalling pathways trigger cellular responses, including phagocytosis, DC maturation, chemotaxis, the respiratory burst, inflammasome activation, and cytokine production

external resources
NCBI:1269303
REACTOME:R-HSA-5621481
PUBMED:19521399
PUBMED:24330199

genes
CALM1 , CALM2 , CALM3 , CASP8 , CDC34 , CHUK , CREBBP , EP300 , FCER1G , FYN , HRAS , ICAM2 , ICAM3 , IKBKB , IL1B , ITPR1 , ITPR2 , ITPR3 , KRAS , LYN , MUC1 , MUC2 , MUC4 , MUC6 , MUC7 , NFATC1 , NFATC2 , NFATC3 , NFKB1 , NFKB2 , NFKBIA , NRAS , PAK1 , PAK2 , PAK3 , PDPK1 , PLCG2 , PPP3CA , PPP3CB , PPP3R1 , PRKACA , PRKACB , PRKACG , PRKCD , PSMA1 , PSMA2 , PSMA3 , PSMA4 , PSMA5 , PSMA6 , PSMA7 , PSMB1 , PSMB2 , PSMB3 , PSMB4 , PSMB5 , PSMB6 , PSMB7 , PSMB8 , PSMB9 , PSMB10 , PSMC1 , PSMC2 , PSMC3 , PSMC4 , PSMC5 , PSMC6 , PSMD1 , PSMD2 , PSMD3 , PSMD4 , PSMD5 , PSMD7 , PSMD8 , PSMD9 , PSMD10 , PSMD11 , PSMD12 , PSMD13 , PSME1 , PSME2 , RAF1 , RELA , RELB , RPS27A , SKP1 , SRC , SYK , MAP3K7 , TRAF6 , UBA52 , UBB , UBC , UBE2D1 , UBE2D2 , UBE2N , UBE2V1 , SEM1 , CUL1 , IKBKG , BCL10 , BTRC , MAP3K14 , UBA3 , UBE2M , RPS6KA5 , PSMF1 , PSMD6 , MUC12 , PSME3 , PSMD14 , TAB1 , CLEC10A , AHCYL1 , MALT1 , TAB2 , PSME4 , FBXW11 , CLEC4E , PYCARD , CD209 , CLEC4A , MUC13 , CARD9 , CLEC7A , CARD11 , CLEC6A , MUC16 , MUCL1 , PSMB11 , MUC17 , PSMA8 , MUC15 , CLEC4C , MUC20 , TAB3 , CLEC4D , MUC21 , C7orf76 , MUC5B , MIR1281 , LOC100506136 ,