description
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease that is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of clonal neoplastic cells and accumulation in the bone marrow of blasts with an impaired differentiation program. AML accounts for approximately 80% of all adult leukemias and remains the most common cause of leukemia death. Two major types of genetic events have been described that are crucial for leukemic transformation. A proposed necessary first event is disordered cell growth and upregulation of cell survival genes. The most common of these activating events were observed in the RTK Flt3, in N-Ras and K-Ras, in Kit, and sporadically in other RTKs. Alterations in myeloid transcription factors governing hematopoietic differentiation provide second necessary event for leukemogenesis. Transcription factor fusion proteins such as AML-ETO, PML-RARalpha or PLZF-RARalpha block myeloid cell differentiation by repressing target genes. In other cases, the transcription factors themselves are mutated
external resources
NCBI:83117
KEGG:hsa05221
PUBMED:12951584
PUBMED:12563308
PUBMED:16352814
PUBMED:16236521
PUBMED:16146838
PUBMED:16642045
PUBMED:15625120
PUBMED:11721960
PUBMED:17554387
PUBMED:12468433
genes
AKT1
,
AKT2
,
ARAF
,
BAD
,
CCND1
,
BRAF
,
RUNX1
,
RUNX1T1
,
CEBPA
,
CHUK
,
EIF4EBP1
,
FLT3
,
MTOR
,
GRB2
,
HRAS
,
IKBKB
,
JUP
,
KIT
,
KRAS
,
MYC
,
NFKB1
,
NRAS
,
PIK3CA
,
PIK3CB
,
PIM1
,
PIK3CD
,
PIK3R1
,
PIK3R2
,
PML
,
PPARD
,
MAPK1
,
MAPK3
,
MAP2K1
,
MAP2K2
,
RAF1
,
RARA
,
RELA
,
RPS6KB1
,
RPS6KB2
,
SOS1
,
SOS2
,
SPI1
,
STAT3
,
STAT5A
,
STAT5B
,
TCF7
,
TCF7L2
,
ZBTB16
,
PIK3R3
,
IKBKG
,
CCNA1
,
AKT3
,
PIM2
,
LEF1
,
TCF7L1
,
