description
Receptor activated heterotrimeric G proteins consist of the Galpha and the tightly associated Gbeta-gamma subunits. When a ligand binds to a G protein-coupled receptor, it stabilises a conformation with an high affinity for the G-protein bound to GDP. GDP is then exchanged for GTP on the Galpha subunit. This exchange triggers the dissociation of the Galpha subunit from the Gbeta-gamma dimer and the receptor. Galpha-GTP and Gbeta-gamma, can then modulate different signalling cascades and effector proteins, while the receptor is able to activate another G protein, resulting in an amplification cascade. The Galpha subunit will eventually hydrolyze the attached GTP to GDP by its inherent enzymatic activity, allowing it to reassociate with Gbeta-gamma and start a new cycle
external resources
NCBI:1269585
REACTOME:R-HSA-202040
PUBMED:12184727
PUBMED:15294442
PUBMED:9218123
genes
GNAI1
,
GNAI2
,
GNAI3
,
GNAO1
,
GNAT1
,
GNAT2
,
GNAZ
,
GNB1
,
GNB2
,
GNB3
,
GNG3
,
GNG4
,
GNG5
,
GNG7
,
GNG10
,
GNG11
,
GNGT1
,
GNGT2
,
OPRM1
,
PDYN
,
POMC
,
GNB5
,
GNG13
,
GNG2
,
GNG12
,
GNB4
,
GNG8
,
GNAT3
,
MIR197
,
