description
Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) serve as retrograde messengers at synapses in various regions of the brain. The family of endocannabinoids includes at least five derivatives of arachidonic acid; the two best characterized are arachydonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) and 2-arachydonoil glycerol (2AG). They are released from postsynaptic neurons upon postsynaptic depolarization and/or receptor activation. The released endocannabinoids then activate the CB1 receptors (CB1R) at presynaptic terminals and suppress the release of inhibitory transmitter GABA (depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition, DSI) or excitatory transmitter glutamate (depolarization-induced suppression of excitation, DSE) by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. Whereas DSI and DSE result in short-term synaptic plasticity, endocannabinoids also mediate long-term synaptic changes (eCB-LTD). Persistent activation of CB1 receptors over a period of minutes triggers eCB-LTD by a RIM1alpha-dependent mechanism
external resources
NCBI:537443
KEGG:hsa04723
PUBMED:16085309
PUBMED:18515270
PUBMED:15340387
PUBMED:17636069
PUBMED:17553427
PUBMED:17404373
PUBMED:19640475
PUBMED:21117095
PUBMED:18084639
PUBMED:21187849
PUBMED:18801434
PUBMED:14978245
PUBMED:21531987
PUBMED:19553483
PUBMED:19126760
PUBMED:17419048
PUBMED:18948642
PUBMED:16968947
genes
ADCY1
,
ADCY2
,
ADCY3
,
ADCY5
,
ADCY6
,
ADCY7
,
ADCY8
,
ADCY9
,
DAGLA
,
CACNA1A
,
CACNA1B
,
CACNA1C
,
CACNA1D
,
CACNA1F
,
CACNA1S
,
CNR1
,
MAPK14
,
FAAH
,
GABRA1
,
GABRA2
,
GABRA3
,
GABRA4
,
GABRA5
,
GABRA6
,
GABRB1
,
GABRB2
,
GABRB3
,
GABRD
,
GABRE
,
GABRG1
,
GABRG2
,
GABRG3
,
GABRP
,
GABRR1
,
GABRR2
,
GNAI1
,
GNAI2
,
GNAI3
,
GNAO1
,
GNAQ
,
GNB1
,
GNB2
,
GNB3
,
GNG3
,
GNG4
,
GNG5
,
GNG7
,
GNG10
,
GNG11
,
GNGT1
,
GNGT2
,
GRIA1
,
GRIA2
,
GRIA3
,
GRIA4
,
GRM1
,
GRM5
,
ITPR1
,
ITPR2
,
ITPR3
,
KCNJ3
,
KCNJ5
,
KCNJ6
,
KCNJ9
,
PLCB2
,
PLCB3
,
PLCB4
,
PRKACA
,
PRKACB
,
PRKACG
,
PRKCA
,
PRKCB
,
PRKCG
,
MAPK1
,
MAPK3
,
MAPK8
,
MAPK11
,
MAPK9
,
MAPK10
,
MAPK13
,
PTGS2
,
MAPK12
,
GNB5
,
MGLL
,
RIMS1
,
PLCB1
,
GNG13
,
GNG2
,
GABRQ
,
GNG12
,
SLC17A7
,
SLC17A6
,
ABHD6
,
GNB4
,
GNG8
,
SLC32A1
,
ADCY4
,
GABRR3
,
DAGLB
,
NAPEPLD
,
SLC17A8
,
